Computer Science Class 12 Python and SQL Projects (2026 Edition)

01-Jan-2026

Computer Science project for Class 12th is an important part of the board practical examination. It helps students to understand how programming is used in real life. Most students feel confused about how to build their Class 12th Computer Science project.

A good project should be simple, useful and based on the syllabus outlined by CBSE/ICSE/State Boards.

Python and SQL are the main tools taught at this level, so projects should use only these languages.

Class 12 Practical Work/ Syllabus

• Python Programming: Students must complete at least 15 Python programs, with emphasis on logical problem-solving, proper documentation, and high-quality code.

• SQL Queries: Students are required to execute a minimum of 5 SQL query sets, based on one or two tables.

Python helps in writing logic and menus, while SQL helps in storing and managing data. Projects in Class 12th are not expected to be very advanced. They should focus on clear ideas, basic database use and proper explanation. In this article, a list of project topics is given. All projects are easy, practical and can be completed by students with basic Python and SQL knowledge.

1. Fake News Detection Using Keyword Analysis

This project is based on checking whether a news article looks fake or real by analyzing words used in the content. A Python class NewsArticle is created to store title and news text. The text is first cleaned using string methods like lowercase conversion and removal of symbols. Words are stored in Python lists. A dictionary is used to count the frequency of suspicious words such as "breaking", "shocking", "guaranteed". Python functions compare these counts with a predefined threshold. SQL database is used to store previous news articles along with their result so future comparison becomes easier. This project combines logic, OOP and basic AI idea in a simple way.

Tools/Techniques: Python OOP, lists, dictionaries, string handling, user-defined functions, SQL SELECT and INSERT queries.

Outcome: Better understanding of text analysis and keyword-based AI logic.

2. Smart Expense Analyzer with Spending Insights

This project helps users understand their spending habits using basic data analysis. An Expense class is created using Python OOP to store amount, category and date. All daily expenses are stored in a list of objects. A dictionary stores the total amount spent per category like food, travel or study. Python functions calculate monthly total, average spending and highest category. SQL database stores monthly expense records so data is not lost. Conditions are used to warn if spending exceeds limit. This project looks practical and shows real life data analysis using Python and SQL.

Tools/Techniques: Python classes, lists, dictionaries, functions, conditions, SQL aggregate queries like SUM and GROUP BY.

Outcome: You will get a clear idea of spending habits and money control.

3. Cyber Safety Keyword Alert System

This project is based on cyber safety topic from the syllabus. It checks messages or emails for unsafe keywords. A Python class SafetyCheck stores message content. Text is cleaned using string methods like lower() or split() and then stored in lists. Unsafe keywords such as "free prize", "click here", "urgent action" are stored in a dictionary with a risk score. Python functions calculate the total risk score of a message. If the score is high, message is marked unsafe. SQL database stores unsafe messages with date and score so users can review them later. This project shows how simple logic can help avoid online fraud and phishing.

Tools/Techniques: Python OOP, string handling, lists, dictionaries, user-defined functions, SQL data storage.

Outcome: This project will help improve the awareness about online fraud and unsafe messages.

4. Student Management System

This project is designed to manage student information in a school. It stores details like student name, roll number, class and marks. Python program is used to create menu options such as add record, view record and delete record. SQL database is connected to store the data permanently. This project is useful for understanding how student data can be handled digitally instead of using registers.

Tools/Techniques: Python, SQL database, insert and select queries.

Outcome: Easy and fast student record management.

5. Library Management System

A library management system project is made to manage books in a school library. It stores book id, book name, author name and issue status. Python is used to take input and display book details. SQL database stores all book records safely. This project helps students to learn how a large number of records can be managed using databases.

Tools/Techniques: Python, MySQL, table creation, SQL queries.

Outcome: Saves time and avoids book record confusion.

6. Digital Footprint Activity Analyzer

This project helps in understanding the digital footprint created by daily computer usage. User activities like login, logout or file open are saved in a text file. Python reads files using file handling concepts. Activities are stored in lists and counted using dictionaries. A class FootprintLog manages analysis work. Functions calculate most frequent activity and most active time of user. SQL database stores daily summary reports. Hence, users can check results and see how much data is generated unknowingly. This project links technical learning with digital society awareness.

Tools/Techniques: Python text file handling, lists, dictionaries, classes, loops, SQL summary storage.

Outcome: Ultimately, students will get to know the creation and storage of digital footprints.

7. Password Attempt and Security Log System

This project focuses on password security and login attempt tracking in a more structured way. A Python class PasswordLog is used to handle login checking. Password rules like minimum length and symbol requirement are stored in a tuple, since rules do not change. Entered password characters are checked using string methods. Each login attempt result is first pushed into a stack implemented using list, so the latest attempts can be reviewed easily. After that, all attempts are saved in a binary file using pickle, which helps in secure storage. Python also writes a summary of attempts into a CSV file for reading. SQL database stores only repeated failed attempts for long-term monitoring. Exception handling is used for blank or invalid input. This project shows how different storage methods work together in security systems.

Tools/Techniques: Python OOP, tuples for fixed rules, stack using list, binary file handling with pickle, CSV file handling, exception handling, SQL connectivity.

Outcome: Through this project, students will be able to better understand password security, login tracking, and different data storage methods.

8. School Fee Management System

The project helps in managing fee details of students. It stores student name, class, total fee and paid amount. Python program allows adding new fee records and viewing old records. SQL database stores all fee information. This project reduces manual work and helps in fee tracking.

Tools/Techniques: Python, SQL, arithmetic operations, database connectivity.

Outcome: Clear and organized fee records.

9. Text File Language Pattern Analyzer

In this project, students will work on analyzing text files to understand language patterns. Python reads the text file line by line using file handling and file pointer methods like readline() and tell(). Sentences are stored in a tuple, since sentence order does not change. Words are temporarily stored in a set to find unique words quickly. A dictionary is used only for counting vowel and consonant frequency. A class manages all file analysis logic. Python functions calculate longest sentence, total words and unique word count. SQL database stores final analysis reports so different files can be compared later. This project shows how different storage types work together.

Tools/Techniques: This project involves using tuples, sets, limited dictionary use, Python text file handling. classes, functions, SQL storage.

Outcome: Students will practically understand the concept of file handling, text processing and structured data storage.

10. Employee Payroll System

An employee payroll system calculates salary of employees. It stores employee id, name, basic salary and deductions. Python performs salary calculation and displays net salary. SQL database stores employee details. This project helps students understand calculation logic with databases.

Tools/Techniques: Python, SQL, calculations, table operations

Outcome: Automatic and accurate salary calculation

11. Online Quiz System

This project is about a simple quiz system. Questions and answers are stored in SQL database. Python fetches questions one by one and checks user answers. At the end, score is displayed. This project is interesting and easy to make.

Tools/Techniques: Python, SQL, loops, conditional statements.

Outcome: Interactive learning system.

12. Hospital Management System

The hospital management system project is used to manage patient records in a small clinic. Patient id, name, disease and doctor name are stored in database. Python program is mainly used to enter new patient details and display reports. SQL is used more for fetching records like patient by disease or doctor. This project shows how hospital staff can quickly search patient information.

Tools/Techniques: Python for input and menus, SQL for record fetching, SELECT and WHERE queries.

Outcome: Faster patient record search and handling.

13. Inventory Management System

Inventory Management System helps in managing stock of products in a shop. This project is more focused on Python logic. Product details are stored in Python lists and dictionaries. Stock update, low stock alert and price calculation are done using Python only. SQL is used only at the end to store final inventory reports.

Tools/Techniques: Python lists and dictionaries, loops, conditions, basic SQL for saving summary.

Outcome: Better understanding of stock control logic.

14. Car Rental System

In this project, students can focus on building car rental system that allows customers to rent cars. It stores details of car like car name, customer name and number of days. Python calculates the rent amount. SQL database stores rental records.

Tools/Techniques: Python, SQL, database tables.

Outcome: Easy rental calculation system.

15. Student Study Pattern and Result Trend Analyzer

This project analyzes the relation between study hours and marks using multiple storage formats. Student data is stored in a binary file using pickle for secure storage. When loaded, marks are stored in a tuple to avoid accidental changes. Study hours are pushed into a stack implemented using list, so the latest study session is tracked easily. A class StudyAnalyzer calculates average marks and improvement trends using Python functions. Conditional logic checks performance status. SQL database stores summarized trend reports. This project clearly shows binary file usage with logical analysis.

Tools/Techniques: Python binary file handling, pickle module, tuple, stack using list, classes, functions, SQL integration.

Outcome: Clear understanding of performance trends and data persistence.

16. Chat Conversation Word Usage Analyzer

In this project, students will analyze chat conversations stored in a text file. Python reads chats using file handling. Each message is stored in a tuple to maintain the original sequence. A set is used to find unique words used in chats. A dictionary is used only to count the number of messages per user. A class manages analysis logic. Python functions calculate the most active user and message frequency. SQL database stores daily summary reports. This project reduces unnecessary storage and concentrates on meaningful data structures.

Tools/Techniques: Python file handling, tuples, sets, limited dictionary use, OOP, string methods, SQL queries.

Outcome: Understanding the process of how communication data can be structured and analyzed.

17. Online Test Score Progress Tracker

This project is about tracking test score progress using SQL as main storage. Marks of different tests are stored in SQL tables. Python fetches marks using cursor and stores them in a tuple to prevent modifications. A list is used only for temporary calculations. A class manages result logic. Python functions calculate average score, highest score and improvement trend. Conditional statements generate remarks. This project clearly separates permanent and temporary storage.

Tools/Techniques: Python functions, tuple, limited list usage, classes, conditional logic, SQL SELECT queries.

Outcome: Better understanding of result analysis and data integrity.

18. Simple Plagiarism Checker Using Text Matching

This project checks the similarity between two text files. Python reads both files using file handling. Sentences are stored in tuples for fixed comparison. Words are stored in sets to identify common words efficiently. A class is created to calculate similarity percentage using intersection logic. SQL database stores previous submissions and similarity scores. This project avoids heavy dictionary usage and improves comparison logic using sets.

Tools/Techniques: Python file handling, tuples, sets, OOP, string processing, SQL storage.

Outcome: You will get a clear understanding of plagiarism detection using simple logic.

19. Stack-Based Undo Operation Simulator

This project demonstrates stack data structure in a clear manner. Students will work with a Python list used as a stack for storing user actions. Each action is pushed onto the stack. Undo operation removes the last action using the pop method. A class UndoStack manages stack operations and error handling. A text file stores session-wise undo history, while SQL database stores final action summary. This project directly connects the topic of stack with real-world undo feature.

Tools/Techniques: Python stack using list, push and pop, classes, file handling, SQL logging.

Outcome: Strong knowledge of stack operations and LIFO principle.

20. CSV-Based Login and Access Analyzer

This project involves the analysis of login data stored in the CSV file. Python reads CSV using the csv module. Login records are stored in a tuple for safety. A set is used to identify unique users. Conditional logic checks failed attempts count. Only suspicious users are stored in SQL database. Exception handling manages missing files or incorrect data. This project shows how CSV and SQL can work together.

Tools/Techniques: Python CSV module, tuple, set, conditional logic, exception handling, SQL connectivity.

Outcome: This project will help you understand login behavior and access monitoring.

21. Email Spam Word Pattern Analyzer

Imagine receiving many emails daily and not knowing which one is spam. This project tries to solve that problem in a simple way. Email messages are stored in a text file. Python reads the file using file handling and splits each email into words. Important spam words like "offer", "winner", "free" are stored in a set so checking becomes fast. Each email is stored as a tuple to keep original order. A class manages spam checking logic. Python functions calculate spam score based on word matches. SQL database stores emails marked as spam along with the scores. This project explains spam detection using simple logic, not advanced AI.

Tools/Techniques: Python file handling, tuples, sets, classes, functions, string methods, SQL storage.

Outcome: Students will learn how spam filtering works using basic programming ideas.

22. File Access Frequency Tracker

Have you ever wondered which files you open the most? This project tracks file access frequency. File names and access time are written into a text file. You will read the file with Python and store file names in a tuple to prevent modification. A dictionary is used only to count access frequency. A class FileTracker organizes logic. Python functions find the most accessed file and the least accessed file. SQL database stores daily summary. This project links file handling with data analysis in a simple way.

Tools/Techniques: Python text file handling, tuple, limited dictionary use, classes, functions, SQL integration.

Outcome: Clear understanding of file access patterns and data tracking.

23. Online Feedback Sentiment Counter

Suppose users give feedback in text form. This project analyzes feedback sentiment in a basic way. Feedback is stored in a CSV file. Python reads CSV using the csv module. Each feedback line is stored in a tuple. Positive and negative words are stored in sets. Python checks which words appear more. A class calculates feedback type as positive or negative. SQL database stores feedback result and count. This project introduces sentiment checking without complex libraries.

Tools/Techniques: Python CSV file handling, tuples, sets, classes, string handling, SQL connectivity.

Outcome: Students learn basic sentiment analysis using simple logic.

24. Student Result Analysis Using SQL Queries

This project is entirely based on DBMS concepts taught in Class 12. A student result database is created using SQL. Tables store roll number, name, subject and marks. Students will use SQL commands such as CREATE, INSERT and SELECT to enter and view data. Aggregate functions like—MAX, MIN, AVG and COUNT are used to analyze performance. GROUP BY is used to calculate subject-wise average marks, and ORDER BY is used to rank students. WHERE clause helps to find students scoring above a certain percentage. This project helps students understand how SQL alone can be used to analyze large data without any programming language.

Tools/Techniques: DBMS concepts, SQL DDL and DML commands, WHERE clause, GROUP BY, ORDER BY, aggregate functions.

Outcome: Students gain understanding about SQL queries, SQL operations, aggregate functions and result analysis using database.

25. Library Data Search and Record Optimization Using SQL

Students in this project will work only on SQL and database handling. A library database is created with tables for books, authors and issue status. SQL is used to insert records and search books based on author, title or availability. Constraints like PRIMARY KEY and NOT NULL are used to maintain data integrity. UPDATE and DELETE commands are used to modify records. LIKE operator helps in partial searching of book names. JOIN queries are used to combine book and issue tables. This project shows how databases are optimized for fast searching and organized storage using SQL.

Tools/Techniques: SQL database creation, constraints, SELECT with WHERE and LIKE, UPDATE, DELETE, JOIN queries.

Outcome: Students gain confidence with this project in writing SQL queries and managing structured data efficiently.

More Interesting Project Ideas for Class 12th Students

Please find more topics that you can consider for your projects in Class 12th:

1.  Binary File Data Recovery Simulator
2. File Corruption Detection Using Checksum Logic
3. Student Revision Pattern Analyzer Using File Logs
4. Password Reuse Detection System
5. Digital Identity Exposure Checker
6. Online Form Input Validation Analyzer
7. File Size Growth Tracking System
8. Study Material Usage Frequency Analyzer
9. Internet Session Duration Calculator
10. Secure File Access Attempt Logger
11. Typing Speed and Error Pattern Analyzer
12. Search Keyword Popularity Tracker
13. Online Quiz Difficulty Analyzer
14. Command Execution Safety Checker
15. User Session Timeout Simulator
16. Text File Redundancy Detector
17. Online Content Moderation Keyword Scanner
18. Login Session Overlap Detector
19. Exam Answer Length Pattern Analyzer
20. Network Packet Log Reader (Simulation Based)
21. Keyboard Shortcut Usage Tracker
22. Digital Resource Wastage Analyzer
23. Daily Task Completion Pattern Tracker
24. Secure Notes Storage Using Binary Files
25. Online Behaviour Consistency Checker

Class 12 Computer Paper Syllabus

Unit 1: Computational Thinking and Programming

• Revision of Python concepts studied in Class XI.

• Data structures, including lists, tuples, dictionaries, and their operations.

• Introduction to algorithms and problem-solving approaches.

Unit 2: Computer Networks

• Fundamentals of computer networks, their types, and applications.

• Overview of network protocols and basic security concerns.

Unit 3: Database Management

• Introduction to databases and SQL (Structured Query Language).

• Practical use of SQL commands and core database management concepts.

Conclusion

Computer Science Projects in Class 12 help students apply theoretical concepts in a practical manner. These projects are suitable for students of CBSE, ICSE and other state boards. Through these projects, students gain a better understanding of Python language, SQL databases and queries, file handling, data structures, besides improving their coding, logical thinking, and problem-solving skills.

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